The addition of diffusion-weighted (DW) MRI significantly improves the accuracy of prostate tumour volume measurements when compared with T 2-weighted MRI alone – Radiological Society of North America, Inc.T 2-weighed MRI allows anatomical visualization of both the transitional and peripheral zones of the prostate, where 30% and 70% of tumours are located, respectivelyĪ delay of at least 6–10 weeks after a biopsy procedure is recommended before obtaining MRI of the prostate to allow residual haemorrhage to resolve Radiology Radiological Society of North America, Inc. Conclusion: MP MR imaging has greater accuracy in the detection of recurrent PCa after RT than T2-weighted imaging alone, with no additional benefit if DCE is added to T2-weighted imaging and DW imaging. Medians of quantitative parameters differed significantly ( P <. Interreader agreement was higher for combinations of MP MR imaging than for T2-weighted imaging alone (κ = 0.34–0.63 vs κ = 0.17–0.20). DCE sequences did not contribute significant incremental value to T2-weighted imaging with DW imaging (reader 1, P >. In detection of recurrent PCa, T2-weighted imaging with DW imaging yielded higher AUCs (reader 1, 0.79–0.86 reader 2, 0.75–0.81) than T2-weighted imaging alone (reader 1, 0.63–0.67 reader 2, 0.46–0.49 ( P ≤. Results: At biopsy, recurrence was present in 35 (66%) of 53 patients. Interreader agreement was assessed, and quantitative parameters (apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), volume transfer constant ( K trans ), and rate constant ( k ep )) were assessed at sextant- and patient-based levels with generalized estimating equations and the Wilcoxon rank sum test, respectively. Areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) were calculated. Two readers independently evaluated the likelihood of PCa with a five-point scale for T2-weighted imaging alone, T2-weighted imaging with DW imaging, T2-weighted imaging with DCE imaging, and T2-weighted imaging with DW and DCE imaging, with at least a 4-week interval between evaluations. Fifty-three men (median age, 70 years) suspected of having post-RT recurrence of PCa underwent MP MR imaging, including DW and DCE sequences, within 6 months after biopsy. Materials and Methods: This retrospective HIPAA-compliant study was approved by the institutional review board informed consent was waived. Purpose: To compare diagnostic accuracy of T2-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) imaging with that of multiparametric (MP) MR imaging combining T2-weighted imaging with diffusion-weighted (DW) MR imaging, dynamic contrast material–enhanced (DCE) MR imaging, or both in the detection of locally recurrent prostate cancer (PCa) after radiation therapy (RT). Multiparametric Prostate MR Imaging with T2-weighted, Diffusion-weighted, and Dynamic Contrast-enhanced Sequences: Are All Pulse Sequences Necessary to Detect Locally Recurrent Prostate Cancer after Radiation Therapy? Multiparametric Prostate MR Imaging with T2-weighted, Diffusion-weighted, and Dynamic.
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